PLANTS

 REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

Sexual reproduction involves the production of gametes (sperms and egg cells) and ther fusion Le fertilization Gametes are produced in special structures in plant body The major plant groups are mosses, lems and seed plants. The seed plants include Rymnosperms and angiosperms (flowering plants) Plant groups use different methods for bringing the sperm and egg cels together, In mosses and fems sperms are mote and can swim to egg cells. Therefore, these plants require water on the form of dewa rain) for sexual reproduction. On the other hand, gymnosperms and angiosperms have special methods for carrying their sperms to egg cells. They do not need water for reproduction.

In the life cycle of plants, two different generations attemate with each other. One generation is diploid and produces spores. It is called sporophyte generation. The other generation is haploid and produces gameles It is called gametophyte generation. The phenomenon in which two different generations alternate with each other during Me cycle is known as alternation of generations in most plants, sporophyte generation is dominant. It means that it is big in size and is independent Sporophyte produces haploid spores by meiosis. The spores deveice into gametophyte. It is small in size and depends upon sporophyte it produces gametes by mitosis.

 The zygo undergoes repeated mitosis and develops into a new diploid sporophyte