TECHNOLOGY AND BIOLOGY

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 In recent years, biotechnology is growing as a separate science. It has attracted the atention of many intellectuals from diverse fields like agriculture, medicine microbiology and organic chemistry. The scope for biotechnology is so wide that it is difficult to recognize the limits. The following are some areas of the application of biotechnology.

Biotechnology in the Field of Medicine

In the field of medicine, biotechnologists synthesized insulin and interferon (antiviral proteins) from bacteria and released for sale. A large number of vaccines and antibodies; human growth hormone and other medicines have also been produced Various enzymes are being synthesized for medicinal as well as industrial use. Gene therapy (treatment through genes) has become important in recent years Sotechnology also proved much beneficial in forensic medicine. The study of DNA heps  in the identification of criminals.

Biotechnology in the Field of Food and Agriculture

Fermented foods (eg pickles, yogurt), malted foods (eg. powdered mik a muxture of barley, wheat flour and whole milk), various vitamins and dairy products are produced by using microorganisms. Wine and beer are produced in beverage industry Botechnology has also revolutionized research activities in the area of agriculture Transgenic (organisms with modified genetic set-up) plants are being developed, in which desirable characteristics are present eg. more yields and resistance against teases, insects and herbicides. Transgenic goats, chickens cows give more food and etc. Many animals like mice, goats, cows etc. have been made transgenic to get dcines through their milk, blood or urine.

Biotechnology and Environment Biotechnology is also being used for dealing with release of degraded lands and biodiversity on DNA technology environmental issues, pollution control,development of renewable sources for energy conservation .

Bacterial enzymes are used to treat sewage water to purify Microbes are being developed to be used as biopesticides, biofertilizers, biosensors etc. Such transgenic microorganisms are also used for the recovery of metals,cleaning of spited oils and for many OTHER PURPOSES.